Canada ili ndi malo achitatu padziko lonse omwe amasungiramo mafuta ambiri, makamaka omwe ali mumchenga wamafuta.Ngakhale kuti mchenga wamafuta ndi ma shale amapezeka padziko lonse lapansi, mchenga wamafuta ku Alberta ndi wonyowa ndi madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti phula la phula likhale lotheka pogwiritsa ntchito madzi otentha okha.Phunzirani zambiri za gawo lapaderali, ndi zina mwazinthu zake zamankhwala komanso zakuthupi.
Mchenga wamafuta ndi malo osungiramo mchenga omwe amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a petroleum otchedwa phula.Madipoziti a mchenga osaphatikizidwawa amakhala makamaka mchenga, dongo ndi madzi odzaza ndi phula.Mchenga wamafuta nthawi zina umatchedwa mchenga wa phula kapena mchenga wa bituminous.
Mapangidwe enieni a mchenga wamafuta aku Alberta amatha kukhala osiyana kwambiri, ngakhale mkati mwa mapangidwe omwewo.Mchenga wamafuta wamba uli ndi pafupifupi 10% phula, 5% madzi ndi 85% zolimba.Komabe, phula la phula limatha kufika 20% m’madera ena.
Zolimba zomwe zili mkati mwa mchenga wa mafuta nthawi zambiri zimakhala mchenga wa quartz silica (nthawi zambiri kuposa 80%), ndi kachigawo kakang'ono ka potaziyamu feldspar ndi dongo labwino.Mchere wamchere nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kaolinite, illite, chlorite ndi smectite.Madipoziti omwe ali ndi chindapusa chambiri amakhala ndi phula lotsika, ndipo nthawi zambiri amawonedwa ngati miyala yamtengo wapatali yotsika.Zindapusa zili mkati mwa gawo lamadzi la depositi.
Madzi omwe ali ndi madzi amathanso kusiyanasiyana, kuyambira pafupifupi ziro mpaka 9%.Nthawi zambiri, magawo okhala ndi madzi ochulukirapo amakhalanso ndi phula lochepa komanso chindapusa chochulukirapo.Madzi omwe ali mumchenga wamafuta (omwe amatchedwa connate water) amanyamula ma ion angapo osungunuka, kuphatikiza sodium, potaziyamu, calcium, chloride ndi sulphate.Zindapusa zimakonda kulumikizidwa pamodzi mkati mwa depositi, nthawi zina zimatchedwa lens dongo.
Nzeru zodziwika bwino ndikuti mchenga umakutidwa ndi madzi osanjikiza, ngakhale chiphunzitsochi sichinatsimikizidwepo.Madzi, mchenga, dongo ndi phula zimasakanizidwa mkati mwa mchenga wamafuta.